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| PULP AND
PAPER INDUSTRY |
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INTRODUCTION
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The pulp
& paper industry plays an important role in the
country's economic growth. The Indian per capita consumption
of paper is 4 kg in comparison to the Asian average
of 18 kg and US average of 320 kg. The Planning Commission
forecasts a per capita consumption of 5 kg by the year
2000 A.D. The pulp & paper industry in India, therefore,
has a tremendous growth potential, which is currently
estimated at 8%. With this growth, potential there has
been, and there will be, an increase in the installed
capacity of the existing mills besides the establishment
of more green field paper mills.
This sector, which is energy intensive, is the sixth
largest consumer of commercial energy in the country.
Energy costs account for nearly 25% of the manufacturing
cost and, hence, optimisation of energy consumption
is recognised as one of the focus areas for improving
profitability in the Indian pulp & paper industry.
With the growth and increasing competition, there is
a need to design and operate the mills in an energy
efficient manner. The best method to achieve the energy
efficient operation is to incorporate energy efficiency
at the design stage itself, hence this manual.
Contents
The various energy conservation aspects, to be considered
while designing a new paper plant or upgrading an existing
plant, are discussed. The energy saving aspects are
covered under the following sub-sections
- Raw material preparation
- Pulping
- Pulp washing
- Pulp screening
- Pulp bleaching
- Black liquor evaporation
- Chemical recovery system
- Causticising
- Lime kiln
- Stock preparation
- Paper machine
- Mill-wide general design considerations
Minimum Size of the Plant
The suggested minimum size of the paper plant is 150
tpd, because of the following reasons
- To effectively employ stringent environment controls
- To sustain the operation and make it profitable
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