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Control of Air Pollution
The choice of control method depends on factors
such as flow rate (amount of pollutant emitted),
particle size and desired collection efficiency.
Some of the equipment used in control of
particulate air pollution are
- Settling Chambers
- Cyclone
- Bag Filters
- Wet Scrubbers
- Spray Tower
- Venturi Scrubber
- Ionizing Scrubber
- Electrostatic Precipitator
Control of Water Pollution
The type of treatment depends on the wastewater,
the desired use of water and the final disposal
of the water.
Physical Processes
Primary treatment is the first step in the
treatment process and involves the removals
of pollutants that settles or float.
Primary processes are the simplest form of
wastewater treatment. They involve the physical
separation of suspended material from water
by gravity. Common industrial equipment are
- Clarifiers.
- Oil-water separation devices.
Tertiary treatment is a polishing step to remove
contaminants missed in the primary and secondary
treatment and removal of suspended solids, refractory
organics and toxic components. Tertiary physical
processes are
- Filtration
- Carbon adsorption
Chemical Processes
Chemical process are used to remove inorganics
and organics resistant to biodegradation.
Chemical Processes include
- Precipitation
- Oxidation and
- Neutralisation
Biological Process
Biological processes involve biodegradation.
Microorganisms are used to convert the colloidal
and dissolved carbonaceous organic matter into
various gases and cell tissues. Organisms such
as bacteria, fungai, yeasts and algae are commonly
used to break down the organic matter. The cell
tissues are then removed from the treated water
by physical method like clarification.
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